Product Code: 19411

5% Titanium 1% Boron Aluminum (TiBor)

Lead-freeEffective at Low Addition Rates Fine Equiaxed Grain Structure Industry Standard Grain Refiner Reduces Porosity and Hot Tearing
Al-5Ti-1B (TiBor) master alloy, the most widely used grain refiner for aluminum casting and wrought alloys. 4 oz pieces, 1 lb pieces, and waffle.
Solidus
1,220°F (660°C)
Liquidus
1,975°F (1,079°C)
Density
0.099 lbs/in³ (2.74 g/cm³)
Primary Elements
Al, B, Ti
Nominal Composition
0.2% Si, 0.2% V, 0.3% Fe, 1.25% B, 5% Ti, Bal. Al
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Product Overview

5% Titanium 1% Boron Aluminum, commonly called TiBor or Al-5Ti-1B, is an aluminum master alloy containing nominally 5% titanium and 1.25% boron. It is the most widely used grain refiner in the aluminum industry. The alloy contains fine titanium diboride (TiB2) and titanium aluminide (TiAl3) particles in an aluminum matrix; when added to molten aluminum, these particles disperse and act as nucleation sites for new aluminum grains as the metal solidifies.

The result is a fine, uniform, equiaxed grain structure. Grain refinement improves feeding and reduces shrinkage porosity, lowers the risk of hot tearing, improves mechanical properties and surface finish, and gives a more uniform response to anodizing and heat treatment. TiBor is effective at very low addition rates and is used in both casting alloys such as A356 and wrought alloys such as 6061.

Available as 4 oz pieces and 1 lb pieces for convenient small additions, and as 16-17 waffle for larger melts.

Available Forms

1 Lb. Pieces, 16-17 Waffle, 4 Oz. Pieces

Product Code

19411

Technical Info

Thermal Properties

Melting Point (Solidus)1,220°F (660°C)
Melting Point (Liquidus)1,975°F (1,079°C)

Physical Properties

Density (imperial)0.099 lbs/in³
Density (metric)2.74 g/cm³
Primary ElementsAl, B, Ti
Lead FreeYes
Key Features
Effective at Low Addition RatesFine Equiaxed Grain StructureIndustry Standard Grain RefinerReduces Porosity and Hot Tearing
Solubility Note

Add to clean, degassed melt at 1,330–1,400°F and stir, grain refining effect develops within minutes and fades with extended holding, so pour within about 30–60 minutes.

Nominal Composition

  • 5% Ti
  • 1.25% B
  • 0.3% Fe
  • 0.2% Si
  • 0.2% V
  • Bal. Al
Typical additions target about 0.01–0.02% titanium in the melt, which corresponds to roughly 0.2–0.4 lbs of Al-5Ti-1B per 100 lbs of aluminum. The best rate depends on the alloy and casting process; casting alloys with high silicon may need different practice than wrought alloys.
The effect develops within a few minutes of addition and stirring, and it gradually fades as the boride particles settle. For best results, pour within about 30–60 minutes of the addition and stir before pouring if the melt has been held.
Titanium-only master alloys such as 6% or 10% Titanium Aluminum refine grains, but the boride particles in TiBor are much more effective nucleants, so TiBor gives finer grains at lower addition rates and performs more consistently across different cooling rates. Titanium-only alloys are still used where boron is undesirable or to adjust titanium content.

Safety Data (SDS)

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